Radiotherapy may compromise the integration of implant and cause implant loss. Implant surface modifications have the possibility\nof promoting cell attachment, cell growth, and bone formation which ultimately enhance the osseointegration process. The present\nstudy aimed to investigate the effects of calcium phosphate nanocrystals on implant osseointegration in irradiated bone. Sixteen\nrabbits were randomly assigned into control and nano-CaP groups, receiving implants with dual acid-etched surface or dual acidetched\nsurface discretely deposited of nanoscale calcium-phosphate crystals, respectively. The left leg of all the rabbits received\n15Gy radiation, followed by implants placement one week after. Four animals in each group were sacrificed after 4 and 12 weeks,\nrespectively. Implant stability quotient (ISQ), ratio of bone volume to total volume (BV/TV), bone growth rate, and bone-to-implant\ncontact (BIC) were evaluated. The nano-CaP group showed significantly higher ISQ (week 12, P = 0.031) and bone growth rate\n(week 6, P = 0.021; week 9, P = 0.001) than that in control group. No significant differences in BV/TV and BIC were found\nbetween two groups. Titanium implant surface modified with CaP nanocrystals provides a potential alternative to improve bone\nhealing around implant in irradiated bone.
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